Pneumatics is the process of using compressed air to create pressure. Due to the nature of how gases work, decreasing the volume of a gas will increase its pressure and that in turn will generate a force. You can reduce gas volume by enclosing the molecules in a small space and forcing them closer together. The whole process runs on air-related physics.
You can find pneumatics in any device that uses compressed air. These include tires for cars and bicycles and balloons. When you talk about a pneumatic system, however, then a circuit converts the energy That conversion of energy then powers a machine or system to either manufacture products or conduct a service.
The air used in a pneumatic machine must be as dry as possible and free of sediments. Water vapor is potentially corrosive to a machine’s parts, and microscopic particles such as oil droplets and sediment can cause clogs or blockages in a machine. Usually, dryers and filters assist with that part, to reduce the amount of water. Refrigerators are an example of a machine that has such requirements.
A Pneumatic System
A simple pneumatic system is a simple circuit by which a machine generates enough energy from compressed air to function. This conversion happens when the pressure rotates cylinders or actuators. You need to make sure that all of the pipes and passageways are cleared to allow for this flow.
First, in a pneumatic system, you need a device that absorbs air and compresses it to generate pressure. Many machines use atmospheric air in a plant, that proves safe to the operator. When this air enters the machines, it needs to occupy a small space. This device with the initial small space is called the compressor.
Second, the machine needs to store air until enough pressure is generated to provide energy. A reservoir provides this storage to hold the compressed molecules. This reduces the time delay on your machine’s output when you turn it on for the day. Once the air is ready, then it will move on its own and require no stimulation.
Third, valves must open and close to allow for air pressure to increase, decrease, or stay consistent while flowing through the circuits. You can decide on the number of ports or passageways that the valves carry, and in which direction the air should flow. Valves are especially important to maintain. If any of the valves improperly open or close, they can either block passageways or reduce air pressure too soon.
Fourth, you need an actuator, cylinder or motor to rotate or move back and forth when you pump pneumatic air through the system. This device generates the energy that the machine needs to function. You can get either rotary or linear pneumatic components depending on the energy input required. Motors are the rarest and most powerful form.
Cylinders come either with or without internal rods that move from the force of air pressure. They can also be either telescoping or diaphragm, depending on your machine needs. Compact ones are good for machines with tight spaces. We recommend getting stainless steel cylinders to prevent rusting or reaching a heat threshold.
Single-acting and double-acting cylinders are named for the ports that they have. The former has one port by which compressed air can enter. These are best for when you want the air and energy to flow in one direction. Double-acting cylinders allow for the flow to occur in both directions, and either port can accept the compressed air.
Always check your actuator and cylinders’ pressure and flow requirements. Then use them to calculate the output for each model part and size.
The Benefits of Pneumatics
When you are using pneumatics, you save on costs with a relatively simple energy-generating system. Pneumatic machines have less complicated setups, and the parts are cheaper than for electronic and hydraulic counterparts. That means that you can make repairs or replacements with ease.
To facilitate your endeavors, you can get either renewable or nonrenewable pneumatic cylinders. Renewable ones require inner part replacement and repair, while with nonrenewable you can replace them as you see fit.
The costs of running a pneumatic machine are also relatively low compared to oil-based hydraulics. Since air is free, unless you are using stored nitrogen or carbon dioxide, you have a renewable energy source that can be cycled through a system. It also increases workplace safety since the gases used in pneumatic machines are noncombustible.
Regarding safety, pneumatics is also by default a non-poisonous system so it has a lower risk of corroding the products that it manufactures. This is especially important in regulated food and medicine industries, where companies have to meet national or international regulations.
A manufacturer would rather avoid the shame and hazards of a product recall and thus use safer processes. OSHA mandates that you have shut-off valves and removal of air in the case of needing to stop the machine. When you implement this, then it should be safe.
In addition to the practical budget aspects, the systems can also be adapted for large and small sizes. That means that pneumatics prove versatile for various industries. Nail guns are an example of a small tool that uses pneumatic forces, that are portable. Dental drills are another example of using air pressure to clean plaque off your teeth.
Find Your Pneumatic Valves And Cylinders At SMC Pneumatics
SMC Pneumatics knows how to optimize the circuits and airflow in your machine. Our experts will recommend the parts you need to create an energy-efficient and cost-effective system. We keep up to date on models and sizes that remain in stock or are discontinued and make recommendations on replacements for the latter.
Contact us today to get the necessary parts for a good pneumatic system. SMC Pneumatics will help you channel the natural gas in our air, and to get you all the parts that you need. We want to educate you on how best to run your machine and receive the highest possible output.